William (Bill) Banks studied mechanical engineering at the Royal Technical College, Glasgow and the University of Strathclyde from 1962 to 1966. He later became Professor of Advanced Materials at the University of Strathclyde.
Banks was President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 2008. He was also a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He also served on the Council of the Institute of Materials Mining and Minerals.